Kiliani-fischer Synthesis of Monosaccharides

Kiliani-fischer Synthesis of Monosaccharides Teoh Shi Hao Sean Presentation Monosaccharides are the most fundamental unit of starches, assuming a basic job in the organic chemistry of life. The most significant and regularly happening structure is glucose, utilized as a vitality source in cells (Solomon et al., 2011). Monosaccharides have the synthetic recipe (CH2O)n (where n 3) yet those with at least eight carbons are remarkable because of their characteristic precariousness (Solomon et al., 2011; McMurry, 2008). In a monosaccharide particle, every carbon molecule has a hydroxyl bunch attached to it, aside from one which has an oxygen iota twofold clung to it rather hence shaping a carbonyl gathering (Solomon et al., 2011). The monosaccharide is an aldehyde if the carbonyl gathering is situated toward the finish of the chain, and a ketone if the carbonyl gathering is situated at some other position. Monosaccharides can exist in non-cyclic or cyclic structures, and normally switch between the two structures (McMurry, 2008). The Kiliani-Fischer amalgamation is a strategy for protracting these significant biomolecules. System Figure 1 beneath shows the response condition of the method. A beginning sugar is first responded with sodium cyanide to shape cyanohydrin, and thusly hydrolysed through the utilization of warmth to frame two diastereomeric aldonic corrosive lactone intermediates. These intermediates are later isolated through division procedures, for example, chromatography, and the ideal lactone is decreased utilizing a sodium amalgam to shape a resultant sugar that has one carbon iota more than the beginning sugar. In this composed audit, the beginning sugar will be an aldopentose and the resultant sugar will be an aldohexose. Figure 1 †Reaction condition of the Kiliani-Fischer blend (Kilini-Fischer combination, 2014; Fischer, 1890). Nucleophilic expansion of aldehyde to shape cyanohydrin The first step in Quite a while Fischer blend includes nucleophilic expansion of the beginning sugar, an aldehyde. NaCN and H2O are utilized as reagents (McMurry, 2008). Figure 2 underneath shows the system of the response. A solitary pair on a CN particle starts the response by assaulting the nucleophilic carbon iota at the carbonyl gathering, shaping a tetrahedral halfway. The O at that point assaults the H particle of a H2O atom, framing a cyanohydrin. Figure 2 †Reaction of beginning sugar to shape cyanohydrin. Hydrolysis of cyanohydrin to shape aldonic corrosive The second step in Kiliani-Fischer union includes the hydrolysis of the cyanohydrin to shape aldonic corrosive (McMurry, 2008). H2O is utilized as the reagent, with heat applied. Figure 3 underneath shows the component of the response. The solitary pair on the O of OH, shaped by the auto-ionization of water, assaults the nucleophilic C of the cyanohydrin framing a trigonal planar structure. The solitary pair on the N at that point assaults a H of a H2O particle, trailed by the twofold obligation of C=N assaulting the H molecule clung to the OH gathering. The resultant atom is an amide. An OH particle at that point assaults the nucleophilic carbon at the carbonyl gathering, framing a tetrahedral middle of the road that crumples with NH2 leaving as a leaving gathering. An aldonic corrosive atom is shaped. Figure 3 †Hydrolysis of cyanohydrin to frame aldonic corrosive. Esterification of aldonic corrosive to frame lactone middle of the road and ensuing decrease to shape resultant sugar With a similar reagent of H2O and states of warmth, the aldonic corrosive delivered from the hydrolysis of cyanohydrin experiences esterification to frame lactone intermediates (McMurry, 2008). Figure 4 underneath shows the system of the response. A solitary pair on the O at the carbonyl gathering of COOH assaults a proton created by the auto-ionization of water. The tautomer of the subsequent middle of the road has a nucleophilic carbon, C1, which is assaulted by a solitary pair present on the OH bunch on the opposite finish of the aldonic corrosive chain. The electrons from the O-H obligation of the assaulting OH bunch is pulled back by the O+, and the subsequent proton is assaulted by a solitary pair on the OH bunch appended to C1. The solitary pair from the O of the other OH bunch joined to C1 structures a second bond among C and O, and a H2O particle leaves as a leaving gathering. The electrons from the O-H bond at that point shapes a second bond among C and O, and a proton leav es. A lactone halfway is framed. At last, the lactone middle is decreased utilizing a sodium amalgam, Na(Hg), to shape the resultant aldohexose monosaccharide (McMurry, 2008). Reagents utilized are sodium amalgam and sulphuric corrosive, in cool arrangement (Fischer, 1890). Figure 5 beneath shows the response condition. The specific instrument of decrease by sodium amalgam is obscure as of right now (Keck et al., 1994). Figure 4 †Esterification of aldonic corrosive to frame lactone halfway. Figure 5 †Reduction of aldonic corrosive to resultant sugar. History and advancement The Kiliani-Fischer combination is named after German scientists Heinrich Kiliani and Hermann Emil Fischer. Its unique reason for existing was to explain every one of the 16 stereoisomers of aldohexoses, as accomplished by Fischer. Key disclosures that to the advancement of this method included: (1) Louis Pasteur’s understanding that the â€Å"molecule of tartaric corrosive came in two structures that were reflect images†, or isomers, of each other, and that every one of these isomers pivoted captivated light in various ways (Wagner, 2004, p.240), (2) Jacobus H. van’t Hoff’s and J. A. Le Bel’s understanding of the â€Å"concept of an uneven carbon atom†, that isomers of mixes exist in spite of indistinguishable concoction formulae on account of topsy-turvy carbon particles, and the connection among stereochemistry and optical action (Wagner, 2004, p.240), and (3) Fischer’s production of phenylhydrazine, a reagent that responds with sug ar atoms to frame osazones. Before the disclosure of this method, moderately little was thought about the basic properties of monosaccharides. It was hard to consider monosaccharides on account of their â€Å"tendency to frame syrups instead of solids that could be broken down and solidified easily† (Wagner, 2004). In any case, Fischer found phenylhydrazine which when responded with aldonic acids (shaped by oxidation of sugars) structures osazones (Kunz, 2002). These sugar subordinates could be confined effectively through crystallization, and had physical structures that could be recognized from each other (Kunz, 2002). Their resulting examination permitted Fischer to recognize and isolate isomers of the monosaccharides (Wagner, 2004). The aldonic corrosive can be recovered by expansion of baryta water, or watery arrangement of barium hydroxide, to the isolated osazone (Fischer, 1890). The then refined aldonic corrosive can be dissipated to change into welling-taking shape lactone for additional investi gation (Fischer, 1890). Utilizing this procedure, Fischer found that two unmistakable monosaccharides, D-glucose and D-mannose, yield the equivalent osazone on the grounds that osazone arrangement obliterates the asymmetry about C2 without influencing the remainder of the particle (Wagner, 2004). Besides, the lactones of D-glucose and D-mannose turned enraptured light in various ways. All things considered, he reasoned that D-glucose and D-mannose have indistinguishable structures yet were identical representations of each other (Wagner, 2004). Be that as it may, their definite structures were as yet obscure. In 1886, Kiliani found a strategy to stretch the carbon chain of a natural particle, utilizing cyanide as a reagent to frame cyanohydrin (McMurry, 2012). Fischer understood the capability of this revelation in propelling the investigation of sugars, including an extra advance to change over the cyanohydrin nitrile bunch into an aldehyde (McMurry, 2012). Along these lines, the Kiliani-Fischer blend was made. This new procedure permitted Fischer to investigate further into the stereoisomerism of monosaccharides and proceed off where he last halted †that D-glucose and D-mannose were stereoisomers yet of obscure structures. Applications Explanation of aldohexose stereoisomers Figure 5 on the correct shows the general structure of an aldohexose. So as to apply the Kiliani-Fischer union in the clarification of aldohexose stereoisomers, Fischer needed to initially make a beginning suspicion that the â€OH gathering of D-glucose at C5 was on the correct side (Wagner, 2004). L-arabinose is an aldopentose having five carbon particles. Its accurate structure had been deciphered by Fischer, and is topsy-turvy at C2, C3 and Câ ­4 as appeared in Figure 6 on the right. Fischer found that the Kiliani-Fischer amalgamation changed over L-arabinose into both D-glucose and D-mannose (Wagner, 2004). This hence suggested D-glucose and D-mannose had a similar arrangement about C3, C4 and C5 as the undifferentiated from carbons in L-arabinose (C2, C3 and C4 individually) (Wagner, 2004). This understanding drove Fischer to utilize L-arabinose related to D-glucose and D-mannose as materials for additional examination. Fischer found that oxidizing L-arabinose made an item that was optically dynamic (Wagner, 2004). On the off chance that the beginning presumption made by Fischer was valid, at that point this inferred the â€OH bunch at C2 in L-arabinose (and along these lines C3 in D-glucose and D-mannose) must be on the left side or the item would be optically inert (Wagner, 2004). Next, Fischer confirmed that oxidizing D-glucose and D-mannose brought about dicarboxylic acids that were optically dynamic (Wagner, 2004). This suggested the â€OH bunch at C4 in D-glucose and D-mannose (and along these lines C3 in L-arabinose) must be on the correct side or the item would be optically latent (Wagner, 2004). At long last, Fischer found that oxidizing D-gulose brought about a similar dicarboxylic corrosive as that of D-glucose (Wagner, 2004). Through rationale, Fischer understood this suggested the â€OH bunch at C2 in D-glucose must be on the correct side. Sorting out all the data, Fischer at last decided the specific structure of D-glucose and D-mannose, as appeared in Figure 7 underneath.

The condition known as delirium

The condition known as wooziness Presentation This task will inspect the condition known as insanity and will concentrate on a clinical contextual investigation (it would be ideal if you see addendum 1. for the full review of the clinical contextual investigation) of a refined man called Halim* who has introduced in the crisis division with his two little girls. This task will be isolated into two particular parts; the initial segment of this task will give a clinical outline of wooziness and will investigate what the condition is, the regular highlights, clinical causes and intercessions accessible to oversee and treat the condition. This will give the peruser a comprehension of the segments that comprise the state of insanity. The second piece of the task will at that point center around setting the procured information on incoherence on to the clinical contextual investigation of Halim so an increasingly nitty gritty clinical investigation can be finished; with center being put around the job of the professional and their intercessions in tending to the key issues. *To ensure and regard customer secrecy the sum total of what names have been changed and any recognizable information controlled with the end goal of this task. Wooziness Clinical Overview Wooziness, additionally now and then alluded to as an intense confusional state, is a typical clinical condition that presents with people encountering unsettling influences in cognizance, intellectual capacity and discernment, which has an intense beginning and fluctuating course (NICE, 2010). The significant clinical trait of a wooziness is that the beginning is very fast; it might introduce and create inside an exceptionally brief timeframe, for the most part through the span of a couple of hours or days (Brown Boyle, 2002). It isn't extraordinary for a person to present to clinic settings with manifestations of wooziness and recognize that people who as of now are medical clinic inpatients or in a consideration setting may likewise create ridiculousness; it is a condition that navigates the inpatient and network settings. Writing recommends that there are two kinds of daze; hypoactive ridiculousness is described by people encountering withdrawal, torpidity, introspection and lethargy while individuals with hyperactive insanity have uplifted excitement, anxiety, fomentation and hostility (NICE, 2010). There is additionally a third variety where people may encounter a blend of both hyper and hypoactive side effects which can make determination troublesome. It is proposed that incoherence can regularly be confused with dementia, declining of prior intellectual issues and mature age; anyway wooziness is a clinical disorder that contrasts from these different conditions as it is the abrupt and intense beginning that will in general change over the span of the day that distinguishes it as insanity as opposed to some other issue (Meagher, 2001). It is accounted for oftentimes inside the writing (Wong et al., 2010; NICE, 2010; Meagher, 2001; Brown Boyle, 2002; Cole, 2004 and Siddiqi House, 2006) that patients with daze experience a decreased capacity to center and concentrate; perceptual unsettling influences which incorporates fancies, distrustfulness and mental trips; variances in introduction; trouble in following discussion or bearing; meandering aimlessly or evolving theme; disrupted reasoning and aggravations in cognizance. Notwithstanding these clinical side effects there likewise might be disposition unsettling influences and changes in neurological introduction with people encountering changes in muscle tone, tremor and automatic snapping (Map of Medicine, 2011). Ridiculousness happens because of hidden physical pathology (American Psychiatric Association, 2000) and in spite of the fact that side effects may present as manifestations of psychological maladjustment the condition itself has started as a rule from a fundamental contamination, ailment or occasion that has affected on the people physical wellbeing status (Wong et al., 2010). Instances of potential foundations for ridiculousness incorporate; hypovolaemic stun, cardiovascular disappointment, myocardial localized necrosis, head injury, seizure, metabolic clutters, for example, liver or renal disappointment, liquid and electrolyte awkwardness, disease, harm, drying out, post usable state, torment, blockage or urinary maintenance. Notwithstanding these normal causes ridiculousness may likewise be initiated by people encountering entanglements from sedate associations and withdrawal; and remembered for this is recommended meds, unlawful medications and liquor (Map of Medicine, 2010). Insanity is an intense condition and it can't be disparaged as the death rate for people is high considerably after release from emergency clinic for as long as a year (McCusker et al., 2002), different entanglements from wooziness additionally incorporate patients remaining longer in medical clinic which implies they are presented longer to medical clinic procured diseases, tenacious subjective deficiencies and an expanded danger of the individual being released into private consideration as opposed to come back to living freely are likewise factors (Wong et al., 2010). With the indications of incoherence introducing as the beginning of an intense psychological maladjustment it is feasible for discussion to emerge regarding which clinical group ought to be liable for the administration of the patient; furthermore; considering the proof introduced; it would be simple for the person with insanity to be disregarded or not be researched for the explanations for the beginning of the condition which is most likely why the death rate is so high; hidden states of being that are not surveyed, treated or oversaw will keep on influencing the wellbeing status of the person. Factually the greater part of wooziness cases go unrecognized by wellbeing experts (Inouye et al., 1998). Counteraction of wooziness is more powerful than treating it once it has created (Brown Boyle, 2002) subsequently it is significant for social insurance experts to know about the hazard elements, indications and reasons for ridiculousness for people under their consideration either in clinic or in the network. On the off chance that wooziness has just grown, at that point it is the duty of the medicinal services group to deal with the condition rapidly and proficiently to decrease further issues and troubles for the individual; perceiving the death rates related with a determination of ridiculousness ought to encourage productivity. To help with getting a more clear clinical viewpoint of daze and the effect it has on an individual a clinical contextual analysis will currently be investigated. Halim Clinical Exploration Halim was admitted to the crisis division and when the clinical history was acquired from his little girls it was distinguished that there had been a quick change in his psychological status which had been seen inside a 24 hour time span as his girl had not been made aware of any worries when she had addressed him the past night. Considering the proof it is feasible for professionals now to consider that Halim has built up an intense condition, for example, wooziness and the following stage is to investigate this further. On consummation of the essential perceptions it was apparent that there are physical variations from the norm present. From visual perception of the patient it is clear he has modified mental status, dry skin and broke lips. From clinical estimation of pulse, circulatory strain, temperature and oxygen immersion levels, there is additional proof of physical variations from the norm that may add to changes in intellectual capacity to such an intense degree. Getting clinical history frequently includes data being looked for from outsiders to help clinical discoveries especially if the patient is hindered intellectually. Halims girls had the option to give a record of a man of honor who had encountered conjugal issues and separation because of liquor abuse and proof remains that he keeps on devouring liquor consistently. Notwithstanding this there is a history detailed of Halim disregarding his eating routine to the degree his little girls give food to him when they visit, he likewise takes part in wellbeing restricting practices by smoking and expending significant levels of caffeine every day. The history acquired from Halims girls distinguishes a man of honor who is effectively independently employed, he has diversions and interests in spite of the fact that his interpersonal organization has diminished and in spite of the fact that he takes part in wellbeing constraining practices, for example, smoking, drinking liquor and ignoring his dietary needs; he includes stayed free inside his own home. The proof recommends there has been an intense change and with this data and the clinical proof showing Halim is encountering tachycardia, high temperature, hypotension and drying out the clinical proof gives a solid sign that he is encountering indications of wooziness. Further examinations are required to increase a more noteworthy comprehension of what physical changes have happened with the goal that hidden causes are dealt with, anyway the professional should set aside some effort to disclose to the relatives what tests are being finished and what the clinical group are treating Halim for. The family should be troubled by the progressions to their dad and by imparting the results of the appraisal and reacting to any inquiries they may have will be helpful as it is accounted for that the experience of incoherence is alarming for both the patient and their carers and the estimation of consolation can't be belittled (Mohta et al., 2003; Jacobson Schreibman, 1997). Overseeing Halim as far as getting his agree to consent to treatment and examinations might be troublesome as a result of the degree of intellectual change and in light of the fact that his comprehension and judgment might be weakened in view of the ridiculousness; along these lines it is significant that the expert and family know about lawful structures and emergency clinic approaches that are set up to guarantee the privileges of all gatherings are being ensured. A case of this would be specialists being comfortable with the medical clinics insanity strategy, being knowledgeable in patients rights and by knowing about enactment, for example, the Mental Capacity Act (The St

An Analysis of The selling of Joseph by Benjamin Franklin †American Literature Essay (200 level Course)

An Analysis of The selling of Joseph by Benjamin Franklin †American Literature Essay (200 level Course) Free Online Research Papers An Analysis of The selling of Joseph by Benjamin Franklin American Literature Essay (200 level Course) There is no uncertainty that subjugation is one of humankind’s most exceedingly terrible encounters. People have been rehearsing subjugation for a considerable length of time. From the enormous Roman Empire to the little realms of Asia and Africa, subjection was a typical and satisfactory practice. In every one of these social orders slaves were customarily kept and utilized as local hirelings and it was likewise a sign of influence and riches, however they were not utilized for business gains. Things changed with the revelation of the New World, the requirement for snappy and modest work expanded. Benjamin Franklin’s parody on the barrier of subjugation bodes well. He puts together his contention with respect to religion, riches, affability and influence. His utilization of Divan of Algiers to additionally represent his point was a decent and legitimate thought. The Divan utilizes this focuses to contend that subjugation in reality is useful for the continuation of their development. The Divan dreaded the fall of Authority if servitude somehow happened to be canceled. Religion has been utilized a great deal of times to legitimize the progression of subjection and the slave exchange. This is additionally exhibited in Franklin’s letter. Franklin composes that the divan of Algiers stresses that by bringing or catching slaves they are cultivating and indicating them the light of God. â€Å"†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ is their condition at that point aggravated by their falling into our hands? No; they have just traded one subjection for another, and I may state better; for they are brought into a land where the sun of Islamism gives forward its light also, sparkles in full wonder, and they have a chance of making themselves Familiar with the genuine principle, and In this manner sparing their unfading souls†¦ â€Å" (Franklin 759) The divan of Algiers insists that subjugation is useful for the supposed â€Å"infidels† and their imprisonment is acceptable in light of the fact that it causes them become better people and Muslims simultaneously. He likewise raises focuses that aren’t the people and Muslims simultaneously. He additionally raises focuses that aren’t the people as of now slaves from any place they originate from? (Franklin 759). This is valid since a large portion of the individuals the Algerians were catching were mariners from European boats and the Algerian accepted that they were slaves since they got treated terrible by the boat proprietors. The Divan proposes that the prisoners are simply changing starting with one bondage then onto the next better one. Religion was utilized wherever with all due respect of bondage. The divan was by all account not the only individual to utilize religion to his guard, the lord of Bonny (presently the Nigerian Delta) additionally utilized r eligion to legitimize subjugation. The British announced all subjection being illicit and this constrained the lord to react, â€Å"†¦we figure this exchange must go on. That is the decision of our prophet and ministers. They state that our nation anyway extraordinary, can never stop the exchange however god himself†¦.† (The Story of Africa 2). The creator Phillis Whetley in one of her sonnets likewise adulated servitude â€Å"†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦twas kindness that brought me from my agnostic land†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Whitley 1104). The utilization of religion to contend on servitude was a typical practice and Franklin displayed it to us utilizing the Divan. The Divan didn't utilize religion just, he additionally utilized financial aspects or riches as motivation to attempt further his contentions. The Divan attempted to represent that by abrogating servitude, the legislature and its kin will lose a great deal of cash and things will be more terrible. The land they possess will lessen in worth and there will be nobody to develop the ranches. The legislature will lose a great deal of cash and it won't have the option to pay its residents for whatever misfortune they have acquired (Franklin 759). The legislature will likewise lose the greater part of its incomes from the slaves proprietors. This financial contention was likewise utilized by a ton by the manor proprietors in the Americas. Franklin’s Divan attempted to convince the board that the nation ‘s economy will be in ruins in the event that they do feel free to allow the captives to free. His contention is legitimate and bodes well when you look it in a monetary viewpoint. The Divan expresses that the slave being sub-par and oblivious, won't have the option to set up great government and oversee themselves â€Å"†¦but they are, I question, excessively minimal arranged to work without impulse, just as too uninformed to even think about establishing a decent government†¦.† (Franklin 759) The divan contends that the slaves will be dealt with decently and better on the off chance that they remained. Franklin’s divan was not by any means the only one to be worried about the eventual fate of liberated slaves, Samuel Sewall who stood up against bondage likewise gave some worry on what will occur if the slaves in America were liberated. In his commemoration â€Å"The selling of Joseph† Seawall says about that â€Å"†¦. few can persevere through Negro being liberated, and without a doubt they would seldom be able to utilize their freedom†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Seawall 414). Seawall’s proclamations proceeds to show that despite the fact that he was a pre-abolitionist he was not really a supporter of an incorporated society as was the Dian of Algiers. To finish up Franklin’s utilization of the Divan’s contention appeared well and good since we could contrast the Algerians with the estate proprietors in the Americas. Subjugation is awful there is no uncertainty about that yet I do concur with the Divan’s a4rgument with regards to its financial aspects. The entire contention goes in a new direction and bodes well despite the fact that it is such a poorly conceived notion. Franklin plainly delineates and parodies the Divan’s contention. The focuses are clear and straightforward notwithstanding being such a hard theme. By and large the contention bodes well and it is legitimate. The main thing it misses is it doesn't think about the sentiments and assessments of the slaves. Franklin unmistakably works superbly disclosing bondage to us through the Divan. Franklin, Benjamin from â€Å"On the slave Trade† The Heath collection of American Literature, Vol. I. third ed. Paul Lauter. Bostson: Houghton, 1998.758-760. Seawall, Samuel from â€Å"The Selling of Joseph† The Heath collection of American Literature, Vol. I. third ed. Paul Lauter. Bostson: Houghton, 1998.413-418. World Service, BBC from â€Å"The story of Africa† BBC World Service site (bbc.co.uk/worldservice/africa/highlights/storyofafrica) London: 05-23-2001 Wheatley, Phillis from â€Å"On being brought from Africa† The Heath collection of American Literature, Vol. I. third ed. Paul Lauter. Bostson: Houghton, 1998.1104. Research Papers on An Analysis of The selling of Joseph by Benjamin Franklin - American Literature Essay (200 level Course)19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraQuebec and CanadaBringing Democracy to AfricaComparison: Letter from Birmingham and CritoCanaanite Influence on the Early Israelite ReligionThe Effects of Illegal ImmigrationUnreasonable Searches and SeizuresHip-Hop is ArtEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenThree Concepts of Psychodynamic

How to Prep for the GMAT or GRE (and Which Test to Take)

document.createElement('audio'); http://media.blubrry.com/admissions_straight_talk/p/www.accepted.com/IV_with_arthur_ahn.mp3Podcast: Play in new window | Download | EmbedSubscribe: Apple Podcasts | Android | Google Podcasts | Stitcher | TuneIn | SpotifyIf you have the GMAT or GRE in your future, then you’ve most certainly heard of Kaplan Test Prep. Trying to figure out which test to take? Getting ready for test day? This podcast episode is for you! Listen to the full recording of our podcast interview with Arthur Ahn, Senior Manager, Product Development at Kaplan Test Prep for the GRE and the GMAT for some great insight into test prep, test taking and what matters to admissions committees. 00:01:00 – Linda answers the oft-asked question: â€Å"I got accepted to School X. Should I attend?† 00:05:03 – The test prep biz: Instructing students, but not as the enemy. 00:06:23 – What Kaplan offers future GMAT and GRE test-takers. 00:08:28 – GMAT vs GRE: Differences in prepping test taking. 00:16:04 – Why a low GRE score is the biggest application killer (by far). 00:22:31 – Is it the total GRE Score, or section scores, that make it or break it. 00:28:32 – Arthur’s top 3 GRE prep tips. 00:30:34 – How to make the big GMAT vs GRE decision. 00:34:20 – Too early to assess: Do applicants with lower scores have a better chance of admissions with one test over the other? 00:39:12 – Why most b-schools don’t really care yet about GMAT IR section scores. 00:47:25 – Last minute advice for exam takers. *Theme music is courtesy of podcastthemes.com. Related Links: †¢Ã‚  Kaplan Survey: Two Years After its Launch, a Majority of Business Schools Still Not Sold on the Importance of the GMAT’s ® Integrated Reasoning Section; Most Deem it Unimportant, but Students Ignore it at their Own Risk †¢Ã‚  What’s the Biggest Graduate School Admissions Application Killer? A Low GRE ® Score, According to Kaplan’s 2014 Survey of Admissions Officers †¢ GRE ® Test Takers Are Successful in MBA Programs †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  www.kaptest.com †¢ Kaplan GRE  Prep on Twitter †¢Ã‚  Kaplan GMAT  Prep on Twitter Related Shows: †¢Ã‚  Bruce DelMonico on The Yale School of Management †¢Ã‚  Chris Ryan of Manhattan GMAT on What MBA Applicants  Need to Know †¢Ã‚  Kisses of Death for your Grad School Application Subscribe to Admissions Straight Talk: hbspt.cta.load(58291, 'e47f6e09-76b2-4b02-bc17-62552b75dc6a', {});

Critical Analysis of Hills Like White Elephants - 923 Words

Mikhail Shimonov Professor Kaufman March 28, 2011 Critical Analysis of Hills like White Elephants At first glance, Hills like White Elephants by Ernest Hemingway, may allude to many interpretations, however, the short story has a clear purpose. Set in the Ebro River valley in Spain, the story looms around the issue brought forth by Jig and the American, who is nameless throughout the whole story. The issue here being the ‘simple operation’ that Jig is about to undergo which happens to be an abortion. Set in the early 1920s, the idea of abortion is as irrational and controversial as today’s ongoing debate over gay marriage. Although the term abortion is never used in the story, the imagery Hemingway uses along with the language and†¦show more content†¦This is foreshadowed perfectly in the beginning of the short story with the station being â€Å"between two lines of rails in the sun† – one directing towards childbirth, while the other track guiding to abort (1). Confronted with two conclusi ons with a man pushing for you to take one over the other allows for a climactic ending – one that is not revealed. Consequently, one can also say that she was leaning in the Americans cause for she was drinking alcohol – a known derivative of an unhealthy child – a child resembling the â€Å"shadow of a cloud moving across the field of grain† (2). Ultimately, Hills like White Elephants has very clear descriptions referring to whether the story is about abortion or not. From the various implications as to the seriousness of their problem to how the symbols provided in the story all relate to purity and fertility. Based on Jig’s hard decision to choose, one can see how the character of Jig can be very pregnant and truly affected by the operation that is claimed to be simple by the American. The American, pushing her because he has an incentive – his old life, does not want to change the mood of his life. The drinking, the travelling, the sigh tseeing – all gone if she chooses to stay with the child. Although the term abortion is never stated, Hemingway could have chosen to omit the word to create a stronger story, increasing hostility amongst readers. Works Cited Hemingway, Ernest. HillsShow MoreRelatedHills Like White Elephants : A Critical Analysis1708 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"Hills Like White Elephants†: A Critical Analysis Introduction: One of the many themes in his stories for which Ernest Heming way is known, includes feminism. At Hemingway’s time feminism was known as a famous movement and it affected many important writers like Octavia Butler and Virginia Woolf. Hemingway was a literary icon of his time and he was influenced by the political, social and human rights movements of his time. He was also touched by the hopelessness of women and how their thinkingRead MoreCritical Analysis Of Hills Like White Elephants1437 Words   |  6 Pagesemotionally-driven) remarks that are made. 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Hemingway’s short and economical style is perhaps best displayed in his earlier work, most notably in his short stories, and one of his ea rliest, and most famous, short stories is â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants.† The story is about two people who are simply referred to as ‘the American’ and ‘the girl,’ at a train station, waiting to catch the next express to Barcelona; they have drinks as they wait and they talk about the seemingly mundane, butRead MoreCritical Analysis of the Short Story ‘Hills Like White Elephants’ by Ernest Hemingway.1497 Words   |  6 Pages------------------------------------------------- Critical Reading of Literature in English Critical Analysis of the short story ‘Hills like White Elephants’ by Ernest Hemingway. Word Count: 1367 Hills like White Elephants – Ernest Hemingway â€Å"Will Jig have the abortion and stay with the man; will Jig have the abortion and leave the man; or will Jig not have the abortion and win the man over to her point of view?† (Hashmi, N, 2003). These are the three different scenarios that have beenRead Moreâ€Å"the Lottery† and â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants† Essay881 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"The Lottery† and â€Å"Hills like White Elephants† Regardless of the type of society people live in controversial topics and cowardly individuals can create conflict. The stories â€Å"The Lottery† by Shirley Jackson and â€Å"Hills like White Elephants† by Ernest Hemingway implement this concept. â€Å"The Lottery† is about a small town that holds an annual lottery in which the winner will be killed. â€Å"Hills like White Elephants† is the story of a couple’s discussion over the decision they must make of whether orRead More Analysis of Hills Like White Elephants Essay1049 Words   |  5 PagesAnalysis of Hills Like White Elephants â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants†, by Ernest Hemingway, is a short story published in 1927 that takes place in a train station in Spain with a man and a woman discussing an operation. Most of the story is simply dialogue between the two characters, the American and Jig. This couple is at a critical point in their lives when they must decide whether or not to have an abortion. Certain themes arise from this story such as choices and consequences, doubtRead MoreEssay about Modernism: Hills Like White Elephants, by Ernest Hemingway1578 Words   |  7 Pagesthe restricted human spirit. It had no trust in the moral conventions and codes of the past. One of the examples of modernism, that breaks the conventions and traditions of literature prior to Modernism, is Ernest Hemingway’s short story â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants†. The short story uses plot, symbolism, setting, dialogue, and a new style of writing to allow human spirit to experiment with meaning a nd interpretation. Some of the characteristics of Modernism are: a desire to break conventions and establishedRead MoreHills Like White Elephants, a Theme Analysis Essay1243 Words   |  5 PagesHemmingway uses time, place, and symbolism in Hills like White Elephants to intensify the central dilemma in a story about a man and a woman deciding on whether to go through with an abortion. Although a literal reading of the title may not seem to have any relation to the story, the title is rich in implications. Critics suggest that Hills refers to the shape of a womans stomach when pregnant, and Websters 21st Century Dictionary defines white elephant as: [An] awkward, useless possession. Read MoreThe Tell Tale Heart Analysis1295 Words   |  6 PagesIt can also be said that the style utilizes realistic techniques using narratives with surreal or dreamlike elements. An example of Magic realism in Sherman Alexie’s short story is how Thomas Builds-the-fire jumped off the roof and flapped his arms lik e an eagle. They describes him as â€Å"flying†. The story also likens his broken arm to that of a broken â€Å"wing†. Sherman Alexie uses this technique as he is an Indigenous American with ancestry for many different Native American tribes. What are the characteristics

Project Plan Example - 1502 Words

INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY TRAINING CENTER University of the Philippines PROJECT MANAGEMENT PROJECT PLAN PROJECT SUMMARY Project title: WEB-BASED BUS TICKETING SYSTEM FOR VICTORY LINER Project description: The Web based bus ticketing with SMS applications is a system designed and developed specifically for Victory Liner Bus Corporation. It consists of two (2) major parts, namely: the employee page; and the customer page. The employees page is intended only for the bus company‘s employee. Users can access the site with the use of account privileges given by the administrator. They have specific modules to access based on their given rights. Customer’s page is the e- ticket feature found on the company’s website. The†¦show more content†¦1. Develop and implement a system that has the following capabilities: a. Sells tickets online or through mobile phones; b. Accepts G-cash or credit card payments; c. Shows and checks bus trips, routes, and the number of available seats on a real time basis; d. Monitors drivers, bus trips and sales easily; and e. Generates reports at any time. PROJECT OUTPUTS PERFORMANCE INDICATORS List down and briefly describe the outputs to be produced for the achievement of each of the project objectives. Outputs are results or products that are â€Å"delivered† in order to ensure project success. Several outputs may be necessary to attain an objective. In this section, and for each desired output, specify performance indicators. Performance indicators spell out the desired quality, nature and/or content of the expected output. Expected output (deliverable) Performance indicators Survey: Survey current consultants and clients to help determine desired content and features for the website. 20 survey results Files for templates: The web-based system will include templates when the system is first implemented, and it will have the capacity to store hundreds of documents. 100 files Examples of completed templates: The web-based system will include examples of projects that have used the templates available on the site. 100 templates Files for tools: The system will include information on how to use several project management tools, including theShow MoreRelatedProject Plan Outline Essay example5454 Words   |  22 PagesProject Management Plan Template This document is an annotated outline for a Project Management Plan, adapted from the PMI Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK) and IEEE Standard for Project Management Plans. The Project Management Plan is considered to be a â€Å"Best Practice† template by the ETS Enterprise Program Management Office (EPMO). The template is designed to address items for all sizes of projects. For small projects, it may be appropriate to omit sections. For unique projectsRead MoreSubway Project Plan Overview Essay example10336 Words   |  42 PagesAbstract This project entails opening two Subway Restaurant franchises. The project is described and potential problems identified. The mission, scope, and measuring the progress of the project are also discussed. The first step is applying to Subway for a franchise. Once the application has been accepted, the real work begins. Using Microsoft Project, each phase of the project can be monitored to ensure successful completion. Outline I. Project Plan Overview A. Description of the project 5 Read MoreTechnical Assessment : What Technology Does This Business? Essay1676 Words   |  7 Pagesof the skills you have that are useful to the business and how hard or easy it will be for you to learn and acquire such skills. Ease of entry. This refers to the costs of entering the business and the blocks or hindrances that might exist. For example, a car wash that you can run from your own home could be relatively inexpensive to start, but if there are others already providing that service in your area, you may hesitate to offer the same type of business. Uniqueness. This does not necessarilyRead MoreMy Work Based Learning Is The Popular Gourmet Hamburger Chain2557 Words   |  11 Pagesweek to coincide with my university studies. The Workplace Project Choosing a Project When faced with the task of carrying out a project in my workplace I found it challenging to think of a suitable one to carry out, I could argue that the reason behind this way of thinking is because Byron is a nationwide company and I was in the mindset that a business of this scale would not have any issues that could be solved by a small project. I started to form several ideas when I began to think aboutRead MoreRequirements Management Process Area ( Reqm )2795 Words   |  12 PagesManagement process area (REQM) The purpose of Requirements Management is to manage a projects requirements of its products and components. It also is used to align the requirements and project plans. Specific goals of the process area are based around understanding the requirements, obtaining commitment to them, making changes to them as they evolve, keeping traceability to the products and making sure the plans and products are aligned to requirements. The organisation must understand what the requirementsRead MoreProject Management : Planning And Scheduling1039 Words   |  5 PagesPlanning is always helpful for any project even its small or big project. A project without planning has negative impact on their result. Proper planning will consider all task before implementing them into business and can give idea about all possibilities. It can help to break big task into small task and make process smoother. Planning is helping project manager to use their past knowledge in future project. Project planning is the process where project manager decide all the steps to implementRead MoreProject Management1673 Words   |  7 Pagesone example. Product-oriented processes are those, which focus on the tangible results of the project. They require specific domain knowledge, tools, and techniques in order to complete the work. An example would be the creation of a software application package. 4. Describe the initiating processes. Give one example of an initiating process to support a particular phase of oil exploration project methodology. The initiating process signals the beginning of the project or phaseRead MoreGuidelines For Improving Leadership Skills1357 Words   |  6 Pagesacting in the role of project manager? All projects need a central figure who has been involved with a project since its inception. The Project Manager (PM) works closely with the sponsor about what is the sponsors required outcome and to develop the project charter. The PM would supervise and advise staff who are involved in the project and monitor risks, while not all staff may report to the PM directly they will be responsible to the PM for completing assigned project tasks. . The PM is beRead MoreImplementing Project Management Techniques Essay1275 Words   |  6 Pages There are many methods and techniques for a project manager (PM) can use to run a successful project. Some of these include: identifying the stakeholder’s roles and responsibilities, tracking measureable business outcomes, apply project controls and view monitoring the dynamics of a working project. These project management techniques are used in order to improve the project model in a baseline project plan. As a PM employs these techniques it can help keep track and account for items more efficientlyRead MoreProject Managers Develop Risk Management993 Words   |  4 PagesProject managers develop risk management plans in order to identify, classify, quantify, and mitigate known and unknown risks in a project (Williams, 2004, p. 1). These plan include risk assessment, mitigation, and continual assessment and evaluation during the completion of the project. In IT-related projects, IT project managers have to assess and evaluate numerous technical risks. Technical risks are the possible occurrence of failing functionality and performance that has occurred due to poor

The Shareholder Value Triple Play

Question: Explain how it ties into the strategic management concept. Answer: The article, The Shareholder Value Triple Play is an interesting read that discusses about the resources and the capabilities that the organizations should hold. Authors mentioned that organizations should develop their core competency or Unique Selling Proposition through its resources and assets. The article says that employees are the biggest assets for service-based organizations. The success of failure of firms operating in service industry depends a lot on the capabilities of employees and the customer satisfaction depends on the customer-employees interaction. The article is based on the consumer good market. Many large, well-established companies in the food and beverage and broader consumer goods industries are struggling to deliver compelling shareholder returns. This is because the organizations are not able to develop core competency. Authors highlighted that the core competency of the organizations should be the one that is difficult to imitate. For example, Apple has th e core competency of innovation. The competitors cannot imitate the unique design and the performance of i-Phone. If an organization has the core competency of innovation then the competitors should not easily imitate that innovation. Likewise, the organizations can have the capabilities to produce the goods and service at low cost. In that case, the cost leadership would be the core competency of the company. In such a case, it is important that the competitors should not be able to produce the goods and the service at same cost. Likewise some companies can have the capability to produce unique products. In that case, it is possible that the competitors should not be able to produce the same good. References Tom Hansson Abhijeet Shekdar. (2016). The Shareholder Value Triple Play. Retrieved from: https://www.strategy-business.com/article/The-Shareholder-Value-Triple-Play